ABSTRACT: As a result of detailed comparative-morphological studies of Cyprideis pedashenkoi (Daday 1909), considered by many authors to be synonymous with Cyprideis torosa (Jones 1850), it is now possible to demonstrate that it is a separate species endemic to Lake Issyk-Kul. Morphologically it is no less variable than C. torosa, can be consistently distinguished from that species by its double (vs. V-shaped) frontal muscle scar, the pronounced fossa-mural nature of the surface sculpture, with punctate sculpture grouped into polygonal fields forming a second-order reticulation, as well as by the proportions of some parts of appendage armature and details of the penis structure.